Comparison of Perkins, Tono-Pen and Schiotz tonometers in paediatric patients under general anaesthesia

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate if the Tono-Pen, Schiotz and Perkins tonometers could be used interchangeably in general practice for measuring elevated intraocular pressure. A total of 74 eyes of 37 paediatric patients under general anaesthesia were checked with all 3 tonometers. All of the tonometers gave significantly different measurements from each other. However, with a mean difference of 1.4 mmHg and 95% limits of agreement of -5.7 to +8.6, the greatest agreement was between the Perkins and Tono-Pen tonometers. The Perkins tonometer is a hand-held variant of the Goldmann tonometer [the gold standard for intraocular pressure measures]. Therefore the Tono-Pen with its ease of use and safety could be a reliable device for use in general practice

[Association of helicobacter pylori infection with primary open angle glaucoma]

To compare the frequency of Helicobacter pylori [H. pylori] infection in subjects with primary open angle glaucoma [POAG] vs controls. In a case-control study, 44 patients with primary open angle glaucoma and 79 patients with senile cataract [control group] were investigated for serum level of anti-H. pylori antibody using the enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay [ELISA] method. The study included 26 male and 18 female subjects with mean age of 60.8 +/- 20.6 years in the case group and 44 male and 35 female subjects with mean age of 66.0 +/- 19.8 years in the control group. Seropositivity was higher in patients with glaucoma [70.5%] compared to controls [40.5%] with an odds ratio of 3.51 [95% confidence interval, 2.89-4.11; P= 0.001]. H. pylori infection is much more prevalent in patients with primary open angle glaucoma. Further investigations are required to evaluate the possible causative role of H. pylori infection in primary open angle glaucoma

[Prevalence of amblyopia and epidemiologic study of strabismus in Mashhad]

Strabismus or eye deviation is one of the important fields in pediatric ophthalmology and is the most common cause of amblyopia. Amblyopia is one of the leading of vision loss and monocular blindness and because it develops in the early years, it affects an individual for life. The earlier amblyopia is identified, the more successfully it is manged. In this analytical descriptive study, 107 patients, who referred to department of ophthalmology, Emam Reza hospital, from 2000-2003, were selected and a questionnaire was filled for each patient according to the medical records. Data were analyzed using SPSS 10 statistical software. 42.1% of our patients were male and 52% of them was female. Mean age of the patients was 13.22 years. Distribution curve of ages has two pick in 2-3 years and 14-19 years. According to the data, 86.0% of patients referred from Central Khorasan and only 0.9% of South Khorasan. 47.7% of patients were unaducated and 60.7% of them were esotropia. Amblyopia was seemed in 20.6% of the patients. The results of this study confirm the high prevalence of amblyopia among the strabismus patients. As attendance at follow up is often poor, pediatricians should be aware of the association to encourage opportunistic assessment and ophthalmological surveillance of this population. It is advisable to screen and perform optometrical and opthalmological examination, in the age that children are predisposed for amblyopia to prevent it

Recurrence of lacrimal gland pleomorphic Adenoma [Two case report with review of literature]

In cases with lacrimal gland mixed tumor preoperative delicate clinical and radiological diagnosis lead to proper surgical approach. Incomplete resection of lacrimal gland mixed tumor may be complicated by severe tumor recurrence with the risk of malignant transformation. In this case report, we present 39 years old man with history of transcranial excision of lacrimal gland tumor. Six months before admission progressive proptosis and infer medial displacement of right globe [approximately 3 cm] has been developed. Soft tissue hypertrophy of eyelids and corneal leukoma developed due to the chronic progressive course of proptosis with chronic corneal exposure. The other case also was a 38-year-old man with significant proptosis and history of two time lacrimal gland tumor excision, one from trans cranial approach. The surgical procedure was performed in both cases through anterolateral orbitotomy without bone removal and the whole lesions were removed with pseudo capsule. The vision of the first patient improved from hand motion preoperatively to one meter finger count after surgery, and there was no recurrence in both cases 6 months postoperatively. In general, regarding risk of malignant degeneration and recurrence after incomplete excision or incisional biopsy of lacrimal gland mixed tumor, it is strongly recommended to perform complete excision with psudocapsule in the first surgery